Improved mechanism for operating steam or air signal-whistles by electro-magnetism



, M; G. FARMER.

Electrici Alarm.

Patentedfmqy 3, 1859;

MOSES e. FARMER, on SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To WM; E."

CHANNIEG.

IMPROVED MECHANISM FOR OPERATING STEAM ORAIR SIGNAL-WHISTLES BY ELECTRO-MAGNETISML l Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 23,5S3, dated May 3, 1859.

To all lwhom t ma-y concern:

vBe it known that I, MOSES G. FARMER, of

Salem, in ihecounty of Essex and State of v whistle, organ-tube, or other wind-instrument, for the purposeof giving an alarm at a distance through the agency of the electric telegraph. To enable others skilled inthe art to under, `stand any use my invention, I' will proceed todescribe the manner in which I have carried it out, referencebeing had to the accompany- 'ing drawing, in whichthe figure is a perspec- -tlve view.

By an electro-magnetic escapementf mean anelectroanagnet or its equivalent which, by its armature motion or any equivalent motion, di-

rectly or indirectly releases machinery, so` that it moves through a prescribed space, which movement ends byrestoring the armature and intermediate releasing apparatus, it' there is any, to its original place. l

The electromagnetic escapement represented in said drawing is thesame essential device described in Letters Patent of the United States which werev granted me on thc4th of May, 1852.

D is an armature attached to an armaturec is a guide limiting the motion ofthe arma- Ature-lever, and f an adjustable spring, drawing the armature back from Ithe magnet when the magnet is not charged.

gis a latch on the top of the armaturedever,

, which catches the horizontal lever h of the system consisting of the weighted arm E i of the curvedarm Tt and the lever l, all of which are firmly attachedl to the rocker-shaft my, which is pivoted at -n o. v The lever l is directly above,

,though separated a short distance from, the tail w `of the detent p, which is supported by and` lever, a, which is affixed to a rockenshatt, b, 'sl'i'pported by the standards c d.

Ais an electromagnet, whosetermiual wires Aare attached -to the screw-cups B (l.

attached to the spring q, ai'tlned to `the arm v of the .plate lt.

E is 'a snail, tending to revolve in' the direc-v tion of its arrow by its connection withv thef clock-work or machinery, partially seen between the plates G H through the 'shaft I. The' revolution ofthe snail F is resisted by the pin The curved i propelling the snail F may be actuated by a I spring, by a weight, or by a water-engine, or any Vother known source of mechanicalpov'yerf In the drawing, K is the handle by which the'mainspringin the barrel L is wound up.

A part vof other wheels and vpinions is seen,

which are geared together so as to be actuated by the Spring in the barrel L and regulated by 'the ily Mfand which communicate motion at f proper times through the shaft I to the snail F,

Nis a-condeusing air-pump, at the top of which is a circular slot,.s s s, for the escape of the condensed air, and immediately above itis the edge of the hollow cap O, of thesame diameter as the slot, the slotand cap v'being in the relative positions proper in steam or air whistles. The cap 0 is supported on a rod in thecenter, to which it is nutted by the milled screw-nut t.,

In place of an air-whistle, a reed trumpet, such as is used in organs or other wind-instru# ment, may be substituted.

I." is the pistonfrod, carrying a piston within the cylinder N. Said cylinder is open at bottom, and has no valves. The piston-,rod P is attached at the bottom toa cross-bar, Q, moving .in the slots u u, cut in the guiding-plates R S. T is a roller on the piston-rod P, so placed as to be traversed by the periphery of thc snail F, and to be held down at its extreme'point ot' connectedjwith the poles or extremities of milv i at electro-telegraphic circuit. and a momentary current of electricity is sent over snel: circuit,

the electroflnagnet A becomes ,charged and attracts the armature l), which withdraws the, latch gfrom vthe lever h, allowing the weighted arm E i tofall, carrying its system otleverS with it. The lever Z, in falling, strkesdown the tail 'w of the'det'ent p, leavingthe snail F free te revolve Ain the direction of its 'arrow.' As soon as the ende of the .s nailFhas--fleftthe roller T the piston-rod P lics up bythe reaction of thesprings UV on the vbar.,Q'and'cende'n ses the air' in the eylinder'N, which escapes with the production of sound through the slot s of the airwhistle above; butthe further -revolution of the snail F bringsfit at once in con-',-

tact with the roller T in its' new position,and,'

by its reaction on the' roller T forces'the piston-rod l? and bar Qlback into their 'original-l positions againstthe tension of the' springs'U u ing a part of the sanie5reyelution, reacts against the curved arm Telearijying it back with its assoeiated sy-stem, incldingfthe weighted. arm. E i, lever Z, and-levering' ThemagnetA hav-- 'ing lost its niomen'tarymagnetism andrestoredits armatureiD-to"thetension ofthe spring f, the arm 71, catchesinthe 'latch sg.' Th'ejdetent p, no longer held downgbythe levertlgrestin'g on the tail w, isi raised `by" th e spring 'Q and catches `thejpin rwhen; the-snail F has vmade acomplete revolution, The parts are allzth'ere-g be advisable, when the machinery is 1ar,g1;'e,teT v substitute heavy weights `or any other known;

mechanicalforceas an equ iva1ent-` lever is usuallyfh'el u which, is'frn'o'rnentarily opened-bythe pressureofitlicelfd c lofr the sn nilV gF-vvflienj nearlyattheaendf'of'its revolution, us- ;abye, ldofnotjre'corn inendjjt'his arrangement, .but l4 'Wis-lr thusto desdiibejthe "application of' an electromagnetic escape'nent to an air-valve `liberatin'g'a'ir condensed Witbfira reservoir and 'directing' itfto; an air-whistle 'orfitsfequi'valent.

2 espesa* A reservoir for condensed air may be intro@ duced between the cylinder N and theair--whietlefabove. In. this case a valve is made to open into such' resenvoir from the cylinder N, which will. `preven-; the air condensed -fintothe reser voirby ltllcfpisttm 'of said cylinder from return .-ing'wh'entie piston is Withdrawmand a' valve is also -made to epen into the ,eylindeilf at :ar

from the externalA air tosuppl y the vgic'uu n1 produced by the 'withdrawalofthe pistnas above.

An air val ve or cockJ-is also'in'tioducedfbetween i such reservoir andthe whistle,'which'iszopened by a long leverattached' to 'said air-valve, which 'fn -1-a spring, and. isc and-the air-valve Thefelectrolin'agnetic eseapement,' iv ith'tlle snail;- and 'clock-Work annexed, fnna'y. -bensed falso to open, by the mechanism just described,

the valve of a steam-Whistle connected with u.

boiler or apparatusfor producin g hign-premf Illalieurofein'p'loy-i ngan electro-1n a gn'et and itsl armature for' the l-purpojsefei' -aetuatin g the s'capenient, aber of iron orina-guetmoving axiallyrfby dedection "'iy i thi aceil'inay be used-g fandfin place` of" an a-irfc'rgsteain whistle What'lf'clainilnyinvention, and desire'to ,seeureby-Letters Patent, is-

"{Jllhencombination of an electromagnetic feseapementfwith" the mechanism vherein'nde 

